Intrahepatic Cholestasis - Causes, Symptoms, and Management

 

Intrahepatic cholestasis, also known as intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) when occurring during pregnancy, is a medical condition that involves impaired bile flow within the liver. The liver produces bile, a digestive fluid that aids in the breakdown and absorption of lipids. The natural flow of bile can be disrupted by intrahepatic cholestasis, which may result in a variety of symptoms and problems.

Causes: Intrahepatic cholestasis is thought to be caused by a confluence of hereditary and hormonal variables, while its specific aetiology is yet unknown. The hormone oestrogen can influence bile flow during pregnancy, and certain genetic predispositions may increase the risk of having this disorder in some people.

Symptoms: The most common symptom of intrahepatic cholestasis is itching, particularly on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. Other symptoms can include dark urine, light-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), and general discomfort in the upper right abdomen.

Complications: Intrahepatic cholestasis, if left untreated, can lead to potential complications for both the mother and the unborn baby. For the mother, there is an increased risk of vitamin K deficiency, which could lead to bleeding problems. For the baby, there is a slightly increased risk of preterm birth and fetal distress. Additionally, there is a small risk of stillbirth, although this risk is generally considered to be low.

Diagnosis: Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Blood tests can reveal elevated levels of liver enzymes and bilirubin, which are indicative of impaired liver function and bile flow.

Management: The primary goal of managing intrahepatic cholestasis is to relieve symptoms and reduce potential risks to both the mother and the baby. This often involves:

Medications: Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is commonly prescribed to help improve bile flow and alleviate itching.

Hepkart 40mg Tablet is used to treat intrahepatic cholestasis. It is an amino acid that occurs naturally and is found in all bodily fluids and tissues. A consequence of chronic liver disease and liver cell destruction is intrahepatic cholestasis.

Monitoring: Regular monitoring of liver function, bile acids, and the overall health of the baby is important.

Symptom Relief: Using topical creams, taking cool baths, and wearing loose-fitting clothing can help alleviate itching.

Delivery Planning: In cases of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, healthcare providers might consider inducing labor early to reduce the risks associated with the condition.

Follow-Up Care: After delivery, symptoms typically resolve, but it's important to continue monitoring liver function and addressing any lingering issues.

Conclusion: Intrahepatic cholestasis is a condition that can occur during pregnancy or independently of pregnancy, affecting the normal flow of bile within the liver. Timely diagnosis, proper management, and close monitoring by healthcare professionals are essential to ensure the well-being of both the mother and the baby. If you suspect you may have intrahepatic cholestasis, it's important to consult a healthcare provider for appropriate evaluation and guidance.